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Composition Principle and Application of Vacuum Switch Tube (Vacuum Arc Extinguishing Chamber)
EECTECH Vacuum switch tube (vacuum interrupter)
Vacuum switch tube (vacuum interrupter)
Vacuum switch tube, also known as vacuum arc extinguishing chamber, is the core component of medium and high voltage power switch. Its main function is to quickly extinguish the arc and suppress the current after cutting off the power supply of medium and high voltage circuit through the excellent insulation of vacuum in the tube, so as to avoid accidents and accidents. It is mainly used in power transmission and distribution control system, and also applied in metallurgy, mining, petroleum, chemical industry, railway and broadly. Distribution systems such as broadcasting, communication, industrial high frequency heating, etc. It has the characteristics of energy saving, material saving, fire prevention, explosion proof, small size, long life, low maintenance cost, reliable operation and pollution-free. The vacuum interrupter can be divided into circuit breaker interrupter and load switch interrupter. The circuit breaker interrupter is mainly used in substations and power network facilities in power departments, and the load switch interrupter is mainly used for end users of power grid.
structural style
It mainly consists of air-tight insulation shell, conductive circuit, shielding system, bellows and other parts.
1. Air-tight insulation system
The air-tight insulation system consists of an air-tight insulation shell made of glass or ceramic, a movable end cover plate, a fixed end cover plate and a stainless steel bellows. In order to ensure good air tightness between glass, ceramics and metal, in addition to strict operation technology, the material itself is required to be as small as possible and the internal air release is limited to a minimum. The function of stainless steel bellows can not only isolate the vacuum state inside the vacuum interrupter from the atmospheric state outside, but also make the movable contacts and the movable conductive rods move in a specified range to complete the closing and breaking operation of the vacuum switch.
2. Conductive system
The conductive system of the arc extinguishing chamber consists of a fixed conductive rod, a fixed arc surface, a fixed contact, a moving contact, a running arc surface and a moving conductive rod. Among them, the fixed conductive rod, the fixed arc surface and the fixed contact are called the fixed electrode, the movable contact, the moving arc surface and the movable conductive rod are called the movable electrode. When the vacuum circuit breaker, the vacuum load switch and the vacuum contactor are closed, the operating mechanism closes the two contacts through the movement of the movable conductive rod and completes the circuit connection. In order to reduce the contact resistance between two contacts as much as possible and maintain stability and have good mechanical strength when the arc extinguishing chamber withstands dynamic stable current, a guide sleeve is arranged at one end of the dynamic conductive rod of the vacuum switch, and a set of compression springs are used to maintain a rated pressure between the two contacts. When the vacuum switch breaks off the current, the two contacts of the interrupter are separated and the arc is generated between them until the arc is extinguished when the current naturally passes zero.